共享单车:与众乐乐之“乐”与“痛”

Bicyle-Sharing:“Happiness” and “Pain” with People's Sharing

在"公共自行车"基础上蓬勃发展的共享单车以其绿色环保、费用低廉、方便出行的时尚生活新理念赢得了公众的喜爱。但是共享单车在与众乐乐的同时存在一些问题:运营商一味迎合民众需求,盲目争夺市场;国民素质有待提升,文明用车意识欠缺;投放体系不够科学完善,政府调控监管滞后;责任承担机制不明确,单车安全引关注;单车维护、调配服务不匹配,押金易收难退;前期投入和推广的巨大资金需求造成融资困难。应建立企业主动提升、政府适当干预以及社会公众辅助解决的多方良性互动协同机制。运营商应完善单车运营系统、鼓励技术创新、建立持续盈利的经营模式;政府应加快出台相关法律法规,协调部门间的调控配合,督促行业规范化运营;公众应提升自身道德素养,自觉遵守和维护共享单车使用规则,促进共享单车有效共享和可持续发展。

On the basis of the“public bicycle system”, bicycle-sharing has won great popularity for its new concept of green life, low cost and convenient travel. Bicycle-sharing has both the advantages of development and the problems that need to be solved at the same time. The existing problems are as follows： Operators blindly cater to the needs of the public and contend for the market; the national quality needs to be upgraded,and the awareness of using bicycles in an ethical way is still lacking; the delivery system is not scientific and perfect, where government regulation and supervision lag behind; the responsibility mechanism is not clear,leading to some safety concerns; bike maintenance and deployment service do not match, coupled with the fact that it’s easy to collect but hard to refund deposits; and the huge demand for funds in the initial investment and promotion has resulted in financing difficulties. Therefore, a benign mechanism of multi-party interaction and coordination should be established for enterprises to take the initiative to improve, governments to intervene appropriately and the public to assist in the solution. The following measures are thus proposed. First, operators should improve the operating system of bicycles, encourage technological innovation and establish a business model of sustainable profit. Moreover, the government should speed up the promulgation of relevant laws and regulations, coordinate the regulation between departments, and urge the industry to operate in a standardized way. The public should improve their own moral quality, consciously abide by and maintain the rules for the use of shared bicycles, and promote the effective sharing and sustainable development of bicycle-sharing.