山西平遥方言复句关联标记“门”的演变——从后置到前置

From postposition to preposition: Evolution of the conjunctive marker m?η_213( 门) in complex sentences in the Shanxi Pingyao dialect

山西方言复句中语气助词性的关联标记大多是后置的,但平遥方言的关联标记"门"发生了由后置到前置的变化。关联标记"门"是由单句末的语气词"门"发展而来,"门"由后置到前置是结构的重新分析。重新分析的诱因是紧缩句的高频使用模糊了前后置的界限,更重要的诱因是"门"成为话轮前后句语义关联的标记。不论后置还是前置,"门"都符合"联系项居中"原则,发生演变的动因应是为追求与VO语序相和谐。

Most conjunctive markers in complex sentences in Shanxi dialects are postpositional. The connective marker m?η_213( 门) in the Pingyao dialect, however, has shifted from postposition to preposition. m?η_213 is derived from the sentence-final partical m?η_213, resulting from a structural reanalysis involving the developmental path: Sm → Pm, Q→ P( m), m Q → P, m Q. One cause to this reanalysis is the high frequency of abbreviated sentences, which blurred the structural distinction between preposition and postposition. Another and more important cause lies in that m?η_213 has become a semantic conjunctive marker for sentences signaling turn-taking. Whether postpositional or prepositional, m?η_213 nonetheless adheres to the principle that the preferred position of a relator is in between two relata. The paper also argues that the shift in the position of m?η_213 is motivated by its alignment with the VO order.