航天医学保障中的生物传感器技术

Recent Advances of Biosensors in Aerospace Medical Support

在长期的航天飞行任务中,宇航员受到特殊环境的影响并由此产生一系列影响生命健康的不良症状,这也是目前航天医学的重要问题。宇航员长期在轨的健康状态很大程度依赖于目标高效预防、疾病早期诊断、健康状态管理以及就地医疗干预,而其中生物标志物的检测至关重要。生物传感器是一类可以检测生物标志物的技术,近年来,因其具有高灵敏及微型化的特点,被认为在航天医学保障中具有极大的应用潜能。本文对航天医学所涉及的生物标志物以及可为宇航员提供医学保障的生物传感器进行综述,并对面向未来的空间医学进行讨论。

In the long-term space flight missions, astronauts are affected by the special environment and thus have a series of adverse symptoms affecting life and health, which is also a critical issue in the current space medicine. The long-term orbital health status of astronauts relies heavily on targeted prevention, early diagnosis of disease, health status management and on-site medical intervention, among which the detection of biomarkers is of vital importance. Biosensors are a kind of technology that can detect hiomarkers. In recent years, they are also considered to have great application potential in aerospace medical protection because of their high sensitivity and miniaturization. This article reviews the biomarkers involved in aerospace medicine and biosensors that provide medical support for astronauts, and discusses future-oriented space medicine.