1930年代中国的都市文化语境与美国文学译介

The Urban Cultural Context of China in the 1930s and the Translation of American Literature

1930年代是美国文学赢得世界认可的重要时段。正是从这一时段起,中国文人掀起了译介美国文学的热潮。这一现象的出现,离不开当时中国业已形成的都市文化语境。上海、北京等地都市文化的发展和成熟,不仅使美国文学成了新市民阶层文化消费的重要对象,而且为文人们译介和传播美国文学创造了良好的社会文化环境。无论是书局、期刊、舞台等现代传播媒介,还是学校等文化教育场所,都是美国文学得以广泛传播的重要载体或者场域。与此同时,因为这一时段中国政治场的严重分化,读者群体、译介队伍和传播媒介明显呈现出分化状态,这也为美国文学以多元姿态进入中国创造了必要的条件。

The 1930 s was an important time for American literature to win world recognition,for it was from that time on that Chinese literati have set off an upsurge of translation and introduction of American literature. The emergence of this phenomenon is inseparable from the urban cultural context in China at that time,for the development and maturity of urban culture in Shanghai,Beijing and other places had not only made American literature an important object of cultural consumption for the new citizen class,but also created a good social and cultural environment for the literati to translate and introduce American literature. Whether it was a modern communication medium such as a bookstore,a journal,or a stage,or a cultural and educational place such as a school,it was an important carrier or field for the widespread spread of American literature. At the same time,due to the serious differentiation of China＇s political field during that period,readers,translators and the media were obviously divided,which created necessary conditions for American literature to enter China in a pluralistic manner.