贸易自由化、劳动力市场分割与益贫式增长

Trade Liberalization,Labor Market Segmentation and Pro-Poor Growth

文章构建包含贸易自由化和劳动力市场分割的三部门一般均衡框架,理论分析了贸易自由化对益贫式增长的影响,阐述了劳动力市场分割对贸易益贫效应的作用机制。同时,使用1988~2013年中国家庭收入调查数据(CHIP)测算了居民家庭人均收入维度的益贫式增长指标,从省际层面实证检验了理论命题。文章的研究结果表明,考察期内,中国居民家庭人均收入实现了弱益贫式增长;贸易自由化会同时通过纯收入增长和纯分配改善两个渠道促进益贫式增长;劳动力市场分割加剧既会导致益贫式增长绩效下降,也会削弱甚至逆转贸易自由化的益贫效应。因此,推动贸易自由化以及降低劳动力市场分割的政策均有助于促进益贫式增长。

By building a three sectors general equilibrium framework including trade liberalization and labor market segmentation,this paper analyzed the influence of trade liberalization on Pro-Poor growth,and expounded the mechanism of labor market segmentation on trade Pro-Poor benefit,theoretically. By using the data of Chinese Household Income Survey from 1988 to 2013,we had also tested the relationship between trade liberalization and Pro-Poor growth and studied the impact of labor market segmentation on the Pro-Poor effects from trade liberalization,empirically. The results showed that Chinese household per capita gross income had achieved weak Pro-Poor growth during the study period. Trade liberalization would promote Pro-Poor growth through the channel of improving pure income growth and pure distribution,simultaneously. The intensification of the labor market segmentation had not only led to the decline in the performance of the poor growth,but also weaken and even reversed the Pro-Poor benefits of the liberalized trade. Therefore,all policies which were conducive to promote trade liberalization and reduce the labor market segmentation could also be helpful to promote Pro-poor growth.