大学何以有效治理:治理结构的视角

How Can University Effective Governance :The Perspective of Govermance Structure

针对学界对治理结构之于有效治理的意义所存在的认识上的分歧,有必要回到治理结构形成的"学术宪法"原点,区分"非约束性决议"和"约束性的决议"两种不同的治理程序,进而归纳总结出大学治理结构的总体特征。大学是一种理性组织,要实现组织目标并进行有效率的决策,需要建立完善的治理结构。大学还是一个政治组织,也是"松散结合的系统",其内部存在着"有组织的无序状态",因此无法单纯通过改变治理结构达成有效治理。治理结构的意义在于为治理活动中的各主体确定交往互动的程序和规则,用以告诉各主体在一定的环境下应当做什么或不应当做什么,但不能单纯通过治理结构预测治理的效果。

For studies effect of the governance structure on effective governance exist differences in the understanding of the meaning, it is necessary to go back to the academic origin of governance constitution, through the distinction between ＂non-binding resolution＂ and ＂binding resolution＂ two different governance process, and then summarizes the general characteristics of university governance structure. University is a kind of rational organization.To achieve organizational goals and effective governance, it is necessary to establish a sound governance structure. University is a political organization, is also a system that combines ＂loose coupled＂, its internal ＂organized anarchy＂, so we cannot achieve effective governance by changing structure simply. The meaning of the governance structure is for each subject to determine the interaction of governance activities procedures and rules, to tell the main body in a certain environment what should do or should not do, but not predict effectiveness of governance simply through the governance structure.