大豆产量程序设计及栽培措施优化的研究——第三报 大豆栽培措施的优化

YIELD PROGRAM DESIGN AND OPTIMAL CULTIVATION IN SOYBEAN III.SOYBEAN OPTIMAL CULTIVATION MEASURES

多年来实践经验和科学试验结果表明,大豆高产纪录的重演性很小。在同一年份不同地点,或在同一地点不同年份,选用同一大豆品种,采用相同的栽培措施,其产量差异却往往很大。这种情形固然与大豆自身产量变异幅度较大而可控程度较小有关,但是人们对大豆产量形成和优化措施组合知之不多毕竟是主要原因。大豆科研工作者近年来一直致力于这方面的研究,吴永德、张瑞忠等对大豆栽培措施优化做过许多有益探索,提出了产量模式或农艺措施模式。我们于1985～1987年对开育9号和辽豆3号的种植密度和氮、磷、钾肥施用量进行了选优。

The study was carried out using quadratic rotation design in 1984,1986 and 1987.Soybean seeds were Kaiyu 9 and Liaodou 3 in the experiments. The.results showed as follows:In Gengzhuang,Haicheng city the optimal factor combinations（yield more than 3000 kg/ha for Liaodou 3）were planti- ng density 189750 to 207375 plants/ha,（NH4）2SO4 141.00 to 175.05 kg/ha, CaH4（PO4）2·H2O 123.60 to 157.35 kg/ha,K2SO4 202.20 to 234.60 kg/ha, howe- ver,in Shenyang the combinations should be planting density 198150 to 215850 plants/ha,（NH4）2SO4 137.25 to 168.90 kg/ha,CaH4（PO4）2·H2O 159.90 to 194.70 kg/ha,K2SO4 176.55 to 208.35kg/ha.The optimal cultiva- tion measures for the given yield were not the same,but had some simila- rities in different regions or different years.A normal mathematical model of soybean could be suggested through studies in several regions and years.