雷电直接效应测试的雷电流C分量测试系统

Lightning Current Component C Test System of Lightning Direct Effect Test

针对目前碳纤维增强型复合材料（CFRP）雷电直接效应研究中存在的雷电多分量高精度时序控制及连续共同作用的相关测试及控制技术难题,采用大功率整流滤波回路设计了雷电流C分量发生回路,并研究了平波电抗器及负载对C波输出波形的上升时间、纹波系数等参数的影响。研究发现：随着平波电抗器的升高,雷电流C分量的上升时间增加,纹波系数降低。为保证雷电流C分量发生器的安全正常运行,设计并研究了由电感和非线性压敏元件组成的雷电流C分量的耦合/去耦网络（CDN）,探索了不同特性的脉冲电流波注入对C分量发生器工作特性的影响规律。实验结果表明：在选用170 m H的平波电抗器情况下,雷电流C分量发生回路的最大输出电压及电流分别为500 V及1 000 A。设计的耦合/去耦网络能够有效阻止雷电流A波、B波及D波对C波发生器中的分流和影响、破坏作用。研究发现,只有在脉冲电流波具备一定能量和持续时间前提下,才能有效引发雷电流C分量的后续注入。研究结果对航空航天器先进复合材料的研究、航天器结构件的设计提供了测试和评估手段。

To solve the technical problems of precision timing control and continuous interaction existing in multi-component lightning direct effects of carbon fiber reinforced polymer（CFRP）, the lightning current component C generator based on the high-power rectifier circuit was designed. Meanwhile, the effects of smoothing reactors and the load on parameters of output lighting component C waveform, such as the rise time and ripple factor, were investigated. The test results indicated that the rise time of lightning current component C increased and the ripple factor decreased with the increase of smoothing reactor. In order to ensure the safe and normal operation of the lightning current C component generator, the coupling and decoupling network（CDN） which was consist of inductors and nonlinear varistor were designed and researched. We also studied the performance characteristics of the generator of lighting current component C under the injection of impulse current with different waveforms and amplitudes. The experimental results show that the maximum output voltage and current of current component C are 500 V and 1 000 A, respectively. And the CDN can effectively prevent the current component A or D flowing into C generator, ensuring current component A or D accurately to supply the equipment under test. Only the energy and duration of impulse current is large enough, the subsequent lightning current C component can inject effectively. The lightning current component C test system and its corresponding CDN can be used for lightning direct effect of carbon fiber reinforced polymer and provide experimental support for the optimized design of CFRP laminates.