1422例广州市公务员高血压患病现状调查

目的探讨公务员高血压病与多种危险因素的相关性,为疾病预防及健康教育和促进提供可靠依据。方法以2017年1月至12月在某院体检的公务员作为研究对象,利用体格检查和实验室检测的数据,及问卷调查内容进行横断面分析。结果广州市公务员高血压患病率为12.9%,低于2012年全国≥18岁成人高血压患病率(25.2%),但比2002年广东省居民高血压患病率(11.7%)高。其中男性高血压患病率显著高于女性(χ~2=19.247,P<0.05)。随年龄增长高血压患病呈上升趋势(χ~2=155.435,P<0.05)。党政机关、政法部门的公务员高血压患病率比科教文卫部门要高。不同就职部门的公务员,高血压患病率之间的差异具有高度统计学意义(χ~2=13.384,P=0.001)。多元Logistic回归分析结果表明,工作部门性质、压力、年龄、体质量指数(BMI)、中心性肥胖、脂肪肝、糖尿病、高血压家族史、饮酒是公务员高血压患病的主要危险因素。结论广州市公务员的高血压患病率低于全国水平,但高于广东省患病率。主要危险因素包括工作部门性质、压力、年龄、BMI、中心性肥胖、脂肪肝、糖尿病、高血压家族史、饮酒。

Objective To investigate the correlation between hypertension and various risk factors among civil ser-vants and to provide reliable references for disease prevention and health education and promotion.Methods Civilservants undergoing physical examination in a hospital from January to December of 2017 were selected as the re-search subjects.Their data of physical examination, laboratory tests anda questionnaire were analyzed cross-sectionally.Results The prevalence rate of hypertension among Guangzhou civil servants was 12.9%, which was lower than theprevalence rate of hypertension（25.2%） among adults（aged≥18） in 2012 in China but higher than that of the residentsof Guangdong province （11.7%） in 2002.The prevalence of hypertension in men was significantly higher than that ofwomen（χ2=19.247,P〈0.05）, which increased with age（χ2=155.435, P〈0.05）.The prevalence rate of hyperten-sion among civil servants in Government＇s and Party＇s departments is higher than that of those who serve for science,education, culture and medical departments.The difference of hypertension prevalence among civil servants in differentdepartments was statistically significant（χ2=13.384,P=0.001）.The results of multivariate logistic regression analysisshowed that the main risk factors of hypertension among civil servants were the nature of work, pressure, age, bodymass index （BMI）, central obesity, fatty liver, diabetes mellitus, family history of hypertension and alcohol consump-tion.Conclusion The prevalence rate of hypertension among civil servants in Guangzhou is lower than that ofGuangdong province but higher that in China.The main risk factors include the nature of the work, pressure, age,BMI, central obesity, fatty liver, diabetes, family history of hypertension and alcohol consumption.