西瓜皮中叶绿素提取工艺的研究

Extraction of Chlorophyll from Watermelon Peel

西瓜皮约占果实总重量30%,属于西瓜深加工的副产物。研究以西瓜皮为原料,优化溶剂提取法和超高压辅助溶剂提取法提取西瓜皮中叶绿素的工艺参数。结果显示溶剂提取法的较佳条件为以φ=80%的丙酮溶液为溶剂,按照料液比1:7 g/mL在50提取1. 5 h,获得叶绿素提取率为3.92 mg/g;超高压辅助溶剂提取法的较佳条件为以φ=80%的丙酮溶液为溶剂,按照料液比1:7g/mL,在常温条件下40 MPa保压10 min,获得叶绿素提取率为4. 46 mg/g。因此,使用超高压辅助溶剂提取法提取西瓜皮叶绿素比传统溶剂提取法缩短时间90%以上,提高叶绿素提取率11. 7%,为西瓜副产物的综合利用提供新的技术手段。

Watermelon peel accounts about 30% of the total weight of the fruit, which is a byproduct of the processing of watermelon. The chlorophyll of the peel was extracted via the solvent extraction method and ultra high pressure assisted solvent extraction method with the peel as materials. The parameters of the solvent extraction method and ultra high pressure assisted solvent extraction method were optimized and compared. The optimum solvent extraction method extracted the peel via 80% acetone at 50 ℃ for 1.5 h with the solid-liquid ratio of 1 ∶7 g/mL and acquired the chlorophyll yield of 3.92 mg/g. The optimum ultra high pressure assisted solvent extraction method extracted the peel via 80% acetone at high pressure of 40 MPa for 10 min with the solid-liquid ratio 1 ∶7 g/mL, and acquired the chlorophyll yield of 4.46 mg/g. Hence, the ultra high pressure assisted solvent extraction method reduced the extraction time for 90% and enhanced the chlorophyll yield of 11.7%, which provides a technical solution for utilization of watermelon byproducts.