左室假腱索的临床意义

Clinical significance of left ventricular false tendon

左室假腱索(LVFT)指左心室内除正常连接乳头肌与二尖瓣叶的腱索以外的纤维条索样结构,来自胚胎心脏的内层心肌,是一种先天性变异。其包含着数量不等的纤维组织、心肌组织、起自冠脉分支的血管以及源于左束支传导系统的浦肯野纤维。超声心动图检查常需非标准切面,其检出率远低于尸检。LVFT长期以来被认为是一种无临床意义的解剖学变异,随着研究的深入,发现其不仅与无害性心脏杂音有关,并且可抑制左室的过度重构、减少二尖瓣反流等。本文对LVFT的结构、功能以及临床意义作一综述。

Left ventricular false tendon （LVFT） refers to the fibrous cord like structure of the left ventricle except the chordae tendineae that normally connects the papillary muscle to the mitral valve. LVFT is a congenital variation of the left ventricle, which developed from the inner myocardiunl of embryonic heart. LVFT consists of a variety of fibrous tissues, myocardial tissues, blood vessels originating from coronary branches, and Purkinje fibers originating from the left bundle branch conduction system. Echocardiographic examination often requires nonstandard sectional imaging, and its detection rate is much lower than that of autopsy. LVFT has been considered an anatomical variation without clinical significance for a long time, but with the progress of clinical studies, it is found that LVFT is not only related to harmless heart murmur, but also can inhibit left ventricular over-remodeling. In this review, we summarize the structure, function and clinical significance of LVFT.