我国畜禽养殖废弃物资源化利用技术及模式研究

Research on the utilization technologies and models of livestock and poultry wastes in China

畜禽养殖废弃物具有污染和资源二重性,它是农村面源污染的主要来源,又具有巨大的资源化潜力。通过畜禽养殖废弃物资源化现状和政策解析,从能源化、肥料化、基质化、饲料化4个方面分析畜禽养殖废弃物的资源化潜力,从集中式和分散式两个层面阐述畜禽养殖废弃物的综合处理模式,因地制宜地研发适合我国畜禽养殖废弃物资源化利用的关键技术,加强集中式处理模式的推广应用,优化养殖业空间布局,是农业供给侧结构性改革的关键任务,也是实现畜禽养殖废弃物资源化利用、农业绿色发展和乡村振兴战略的重要内容。

Livestock and poultry wastes are the main source of rural non-point source of pollution. Meanwhile, they have great potential for energy resources. The situation and policy of livestock and poultry wastes recycling utilization in China were analyzed in this study. The potential for resource utilization of livestock and poultry wastes in terms of energyization, fertilizer, matrix and feedstuff were clarified. The comprehensive treatment modes of livestock and poultry breeding wastes were explained in two levels of centralized and decentralized. The key task of the supply-side structural reforms in agriculture includes the research and development of key technologies according to local conditions in China, enhancement the application of centralized processing mode and optimizing aquaculture space layout. In addition, this is significant to realize the resource utilization of livestock and poultry wastes, development of green agriculture and rural revitalization strategy.