壮药蝴蝶花的生药学研究

Pharmacognosy Identification on Iridis Japonicae Rhizoma

目的：对蝴蝶花根茎的药材性状、组织结构、粉末特征、理化性质等进行生药学方面的研究，为蝴蝶花的进一步开发利用提供鉴别依据。方法：用传统的性状鉴别方法观察蝴蝶花根茎的药材性状特征。用滑走切片法对根茎叶进行切片，用常规的显微技术观察组织构造和显微特征。对根茎提取物进行理化实验。结果：发现根茎药材呈略扁的不规则条状，常弯曲，不分枝，具不规则纵皱纹，节明显，环状且突起，其上常残留有干枯的叶柄或叶柄残基。根茎横切面皮层宽广，具大量叶迹维管束、纤维束；叶迹维管束双韧性；中柱鞘由众多维管束围绕组成；维管束周木型；维管束外有1-2列纤维组成的纤维束鞘。粉末中发现柱晶多见。导管为网纹导管、螺纹导管；纤维常成束，胞腔大；薄壁细胞壁呈波状加厚。理化实验发现其含有黄酮、甾醇或三萜。结论：以上鉴别特征可作为蝴蝶花的生药学鉴别依据。

Objective： The paper focused on the pharmacognosy study on the character, histological structure, powder character as well as physicochemical property of the rhizome of Iridis Japonicae Rhizoma, so as to provide the identification evidence for its iwdepth devel utilization. Methods： The traditional microscopic identification was used for observing opment and the rhizome characters of Iridis Japonicae Rhizoma. The rhizome and leaf of Iridis Japonicae Rhizoma were sliced by sliding microtomy, and its histological structure and microscopic characters were observed by the conventional microtechnique. The physicochemical experiment was applied in the rhizome extracts of Iridis Japonicae Rhizoma as well. Results： It was found that the rhizome was flat and irregular strip like with the curve shape. It was unbranched with irregular vertical wrinkles as well as obvious ring-like andprotuberant nodes, on which there were several petioles or petiole residues left. The cortex of its rhizome transection was wide with abundant leaf-traee bundles and fibre bundles. The leaf-traee bundle was bicollateral, and the pericycle was consist of abundant amphivasal vascular bundles around which there was I to 2 lines of fiber bundle-sheaths in the outside. The column crystals were mostly found in the powders. The vessel was mainly reticulate. The fibers were often bunched with large cells, thiwwall cytoderm in the vessel was thickewundulate. There were flavonoids, sterols or triterpenes in Iridis Japonieae Rhizoma in accordance with the physieoehemieal experiment. Conclusion： The characteristics above can provide the evidence for the pharmacognosy identification on Iridis Japonieae Rhizoma.