203例肠结核患者营养状况的调查

Study of Nutritional Status of 203 Patients with Intra-abdominal TB

目的调查肠结核患者营养风险、营养不良及营养支持的状况.方法选取昆明市第三人民医院2011年1月至2017年12月收治的肠结核患者203例,应用NRS2002筛查营养风险,对营养风险、营养不足及营养支持3者的关系进行调查.结果 203例患者中167例NRS2002评分>3分,营养风险发生率89.3%(167/187),营养不良发生率68%;营养支持率为71.32%,营养支持达到每日总热量2 500~3 000 Kcol/d,其热量构成为蛋白质15%~20%,脂肪20%~30%,碳水化合物50%标准者为65.83%;营养支持患者中PN和EN的应用比例6:1.老年患者营养不良及营养风险发生率较60岁以下患者明显,有统计学差异(P<0.05).结论肠结核患者中有较高的营养风险和营养不足情况,尤其是老年患者,临床医师应高度重视,加强营养知识的学习培训,通过合理有效的营养支持及抗痨,顺利完成抗痨疗程,有利于患者的早日康复.

Objective To investigate the status of nutritional risk, malnutrition and nutritional support of patients with intra-abdominal tuberculosis. Methods 203 patients admitted to hospital from January 2011 to December 2017 due to intra-abdominal tuberculosis were selected for the study. NRS2002 was used to screen their nutritional risk. The correlation among nutritional risk, nutritional deficiencies and nutrition support was analyzed. Results Among 203 patients,167 cases had NRS2002 score 〉3 points, the nutritional risk was 89.3%（167/187）, the incidence of malnutrition was 68%, and the nutritional support rate was 71.32%. Total daily calorie of nutritional support reached 2 500-3 000 Kcol/d, composing 15%-20% protein, 20%-30% fat, and55% carbohydrate（the standard intake is 65.83%）. The proportion of PN and EN of nutritional support for patients was 6：1. The incidence of malnutrition and nutritional risk in elderly patients was significantly higher than that in the patients under 60-year old, P〈0.05 and there was statistically significant difference. Conclusion Patients with intra-abdominal tuberculosis face higher nutritional risk and nutritional deficiencies, especially among elderly patients. Clinicians should attach great importance to the issues, improve learning and training on nutrition information and help the patients to successfully complete the anti-TB treatment through reasonable and effective nutrition support and these facilitate the recovery of patients.