圆体型、方体型、平底型氧舱技术特点及氧舱选型探讨

Technical features of spherical, cuboid and fiat-bottomed oxygen chambers and discussion on the selection of oxygen chamber types

目的 分析传统圆体型、方体型、平底型氧舱技术特点,为医院氧舱建设选型提供参考依据.方法 通过比较不同形制氧舱的主要技术优点和缺点、分析空气加压氧舱的关键技术指标及空气加压氧舱筹建选型依据,为不同的医院进行氧舱选型.结果 传统圆体型氧舱结构简单、制造成本低,但须满足下沉安装舱体条件,氧舱建筑选址困难及地下室基建成本大,因而综合性价比低;方体型氧舱较同等规模的圆体型氧舱有更高的人均舱容和舱室有效长度,舱内空间视觉感觉与病房类同,但未能克服舱体下沉安装、建筑选址难、基建成本大的缺陷,且新增了氧舱结构承压能力差、舱体自重大、造价高的不足;平底型氧舱可直接安装在承重能力达到1 t/m2的建筑首层楼而,免去建设氧舱专用地下室的前置条件和基建成本 与同等规模圆体型氧舱比较,平底型氧舱虽有人均舱容稍低、结构相对复杂、制造成本有部分增加的不足,但有空间视觉感觉相同,舱室有效长度更有优势,因此,平底型氧舱综合性价比高于圆体型氧舱.结论 鉴于医院医疗用房日趋紧张的大势及平底型氧舱综合性价比最佳的优势,平底型氧舱有较圆体型氧舱、方体型氧舱更加广阔的运用前景.

Objective To analyze the technical features of spherical,cuboid and flat-bottomed oxygen chambers,so as to provide reference for the hospital in the selection of oxygen chamber types.Methods Key main technical indexes of air pressurized oxygen chamber were analyzed and fundamental basis and evidences for chamber selection were identified,through comparison of the main technical advantages and disadvantages of oxygen chamber with different shapes.Results Traditional spherical oxygen chamber has the features of simple structure and low manufacturing cost.However,it must meet the requirements of the sunken chamber installation and is usually difficult in site selection of chamber construction.Furthermore,huge cost is often involved in the construction of basement with low comprehensive cost effectiveness.Cuboid shape oxygen chamber has higher chamber capacity per capita and more effective chamber length,as compared with those of same size spherical chamber,and vision inside the chamber is identical to that of the ward.However,shortcomings of sunken chamber installation and huge cost of capital construction are avoidable.Furthermore,there are disadvantages of lower chamber pressure capacity,huge dead weight of the chamber body and high cost of chamber construction.Flat-bottomed oxygen chambers could be directly installed on the first floor of the building with a load capacity of 1 ton per square meter,so that the pre-requirement and the cost of basement construction of the oxygen chamber could be avoided.Though the flat-bottomed oxygen chamber has the disadvantages of lower chamber capacity per capita,more complicated chamber structure and partial increase in manufacturing cost,as compared with the same size spherical chamber,it possesses the advantages of good spatial chamber vision and effective chamber length.Therefore,comprehensive cost effectiveness of the flatbottomed oxygen chamber is better than that of the spherical one.The building condition of the oxygen chamber is the key factor for the selection of the oxygen chamber.Conclusion In view of the strains in hospital medical spaces and better comprehensive cost effectiveness of the flat-bottomed oxygen chamber,the flat-bottomed oxygen chamber promises a better prospect,when compared with the spherical and cuboid ones.