从天然辉锑矿中制备硫化锑纳米棒及其性能探究

Synthesis and Photoelectrocatalytic Performance of Sb_2S_3 Nanorods from Natural Stibnite

以天然辉锑矿为原料,在聚乙二醇(PEG)和N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)的辅助下,利用水热法合成了硫化锑(Sb_2S_3)纳米棒。探讨了Sb_2S_3纳米棒的形成机理,并系统研究了不同制备条件对产物形貌与性能的影响。采用一系列表征方法对产物的晶型、成分、形貌、光电性能进行了探究,并以可见光为光源、甲基橙为目标降解物评价了纳米Sb_2S_3的光催化活性。研究表明,经160℃水热反应12 h可得到厚约50 nm的Sb_2S_3纳米片,在氮氛中400℃热处理1 h后,纳米片将转变为宽100～200 nm,长2～3μm的Sb_2S_3单晶纳米棒。制备的Sb_2S_3纳米棒为直接半导体,能带间隙为1.66 eV。光催化测试表明,制备的Sb_2S_3纳米棒在可见光下对甲基橙的光催化降解率高于商业Sb_2S_3试剂,60 min后,甲基橙的降解率达87.6%,表现出明显的可见光活性。

Antimony trisulfide（Sb2S3） nanorods were successfully synthesized via hydrothermal method with the assistance of polyethylene glycol（PEG） and N,N-dimethylformamide（DMF）, using natural stibnite as precursor. The effects of experimental parameters on the morphology and the properties of the obtained Sb2S3 were systematically studied, and the possible formation mechanism of Sb2S3 nanorods in the preparation process was also discussed. Phase, compositions, morphology and photoelectric properties of the products were investigated by a series of characterization methods. The photocatalytic activity of nano Sb2S3 on the degradation of methyl orange were investigated under the visible light irradiation. The results showed that the Sb2S3 nanoflakes formed after hydrothermal synthesis at 160℃ for 12 h, and the nanoflakes would transform into nanorods eventually after N2-annealing at 400℃ for 1 h. The obtained Sb2S3 nanorods with a single crystal structure are typically 2～3 μm in length, 100～200 nm in width, which are direct semiconductor with band gap of 1.66 eV. Photocatalytic degradation rate of the obtained Sb2S3 nanorods on methyl orange under visible light irradiation is higher than that of commercial Sb2S3, which is up to 87.6% after 60 min degradation, exhibiting obvious visible-light activity.