锡林河中游放牧的和被围封的湿草甸土壤理化性质研究

Physical and Chemical Properties of Soils in Grazing and Enclosed Wet Meadows in the Middle Reaches of Xilin River

在锡林河中游河滨带放牧的和被围封的湿草甸中,于2016年7月31和8月1日,采集土壤样品,测定塔头和塔间0～100 cm深度土壤的理化指标,研究其分布规律。研究结果表明,在放牧的湿草甸中,塔头和塔间的土壤容重分别为0.54～1.67 g/cm^3和0.54～1.79 g/cm^3,随着土壤深度的增加,土壤容重逐渐增大,塔头和塔间土壤含水率分别为0.57%～0.17%和0.53%～0.17%,随着土壤深度的增加,土壤含水率逐渐减小,塔头土壤中的全氮、全磷、全钾、总有机碳、Fe、Mn和盐基离子含量分别为11.80 g/kg、2.03 g/kg、103.49 g/kg、130.07 g/kg、88.37g/kg、1.05 g/kg和41.42 cmol/kg,都大于其在塔间土壤中的含量,塔间土壤中的分别为8.67 g/kg、1.58 g/kg、100.45 g/kg、107.98 g/kg、74.39 g/kg、0.89 g/kg和30.64 cmol/kg;在被围封的湿草甸中,塔头和塔间的土壤容重分别为0.41～0.83 g/cm^3和0.39～1.46 g/cm^3,土壤含水率分别为0.34%～0.62%和0.20%～0.64%,塔间土壤中的全氮、全磷、总有机碳含量分别为20.93 g/kg、4.44 g/kg和260.01 g/kg,都大于其在塔头土壤中的含量。

Grazing wet meadow and enclosed wet meadow sampling sites were set up in the middle reaches of Xilin River, Inner Mongolia from 31 July and 1 August 2016. The soil physical and chemical indexes of the hummock and hollow of the grazing and enclosed wet meadows sampling site of 0-100 cm depths were measured. The results showed that the soil bulk density of hummock and hollow were respectively 0.54-1.67 g/cm^3, 0.54-1.79 g/cm^3, and the soil bulk density increases gradually with the increase of soil depth in grazing wet meadow. The soil moisture contents of hummock and hollow were respectively 0.17%-0.57% and 0.17%-0.53%, while decreased gradually with the increase of soil depth in grazing wet meadow. Contents of total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, total organic carbon, Fe, Mn, and exchangeable base ion in hummock soil were 11.80 g/kg, 2.03 g/kg, 103.49 g/kg, 130.07 g/kg, 88.37 g/kg, 1.05 g/kg and 41.42 cmol/kg in grazing wet meadow. All of those were larger than those in the hollow, respectively. And those contents were 8.67 g/kg, 1.58 g/kg, 100.45 g/kg, 107.98 g/kg, 74.39 g/kg, 0.89 g/kg and 30.64 cmol/kg in the hollow of grazing wet meadows. Soil bulk density of hummock and hollow were 0.41-0.83 g/cm^3, 0.39-1.46 g/cm^3, and soil moisture contents were 0.34%-0.62%, 0.20%-0.64% in enclosed wet meadows. Contents of total nitrogen,total phosphorus and total organic carbon of enclosed hollow were 20.93 g/kg, 4.44 g/kg and 260.01 g/kg,which were larger than those in enclosed hummock.