泰勒原理及其对地方本科院校课程建设的启示

Taylor's Principle and Inspirations on the Curricula Development in the Local University

泰勒原理被公认为课程领域的奠基理论,并被作为课程入门和探索的基本原理。根据泰勒的《课程与教学的基本原理》,梳理了泰勒理论从要素主义到科学主义、从课程专家博比特到查特斯的形成过程,分析了泰勒关于确定教育目标、选择学习经验、组织学习经验、评价教学结果等课程编制的四个步骤(或阶段)。课程是教育教学活动的基本依据,是实现教育目标的基本保证,在地方本科院校转型发展过程中,课程建设处于核心位置,泰勒原理形成的"特定环境"及其课程理论中关于对社会生活的格外关注、对教育目标的清晰界说、对教育内容的有机整合、对学习结果的有效评价等观点,对地方本科院校课程建设具有很好的指导意义。

Taylor＇s Principle is regarded as the base in the field of curriculu and used as the basic principle of curriculu＇s introduction and exploration. According to The Principles of Curricula and Teaching by Taylor, the paper collates Taylor＇s principles including essentialism and scientism and the formation of the experts in curriculu from Bobbitt to Chartres and then analyzes the four stages of the curriculu＇s compilation including the set of education goals, choices of learning experiences, organization of learning experiences and assessment of teaching results. The curricula are the basic accordances of teaching activities and the basic ensurance of teaching goals＇ achievement. The curricula development plays a key role in the transformation time of the local university. The ＂special environment＂ of Taylor＇s principle formation and its theories about curricula have some significances of direction to the curricula development and the theories concern the special focuses on society, the clear definition on the education goals, the organix integration of the education contents and the effective assessment of learning results, etc..