网络媒介语境中地震谣言的传播研究——以2013年“雅安芦山地震”谣言为例

Research on the Spread of Earthquake Rumors in the Context of Network Media--a Case Study of Ya＇an Earthquake in 2013

地震的突发性强、破坏性大，灾后网络媒介语境中缺乏消息把关人，正常的信息发布网络受损，人们的信息需求激增，情感宣泄急需得到满足，谣言的数量便爆发性增长，极易造成社会的动荡不安和政府公信力的下降。如何快速有效地进行灾后援助、减少谣言的负面社会影响成为关键时期的首要任务。因此，本研究采用立意抽样法，以四川省雅安市芦山地震为个案，选取地震发生后的50例谣言案例进行数据统计，分析这些谣言的传播主体、传播时间、传播内容、传播形式，以及它们的辟谣信息的传播路径、时间和来源，基于著名的“谣言公式”阐述地震谣言的传播原因，并从公众、媒体、平台、政府四个不同的角度提出谣言的应对策略，以便再次遇到类似灾难事故时能够以最快速度合力帮助抢险救灾工作，最大限度地降低损失。

After the earthquake lack of network message gatekeeper, nor- mal information release motional need to vent, system damaged, people＇s information demand surge, e- number of rumors explosive growth, cause social unrest and the credibility of the government＇s decline. How to carry out disaster relief and reduce the negative social impact of the rumor has become the primary task. Therefore, this study used purposive sampling method, the Ya＇an earth- quake as a case, selecting 50 rumor case statistics. Analysis of the sample＇s dis- semination, the dissemination of the time, the dissemination of the content, the form of communication. The rumor of time and sources. Based on the famous information propagation path, propagation ＂rumor formula＂ to explain the causes of the earthquake rumor. From four different angles, the publisher, the communi- cator, plates and the manager, put forward the tactics of the rumor. In order to meet again similar disaster accident, can be the fastest speed to help rescue and relief work, to maximize the reduction of losses.