美国青少年运动训练的特点及启示

Characteristics and Enlightenment of American Youth Sports Training

＂美国运动教育计划＂的青少年运动训练理念及教练员工作处处体现着以运动员为先的特点,例如,建立＂运动员第一,获胜第二＂的理念,正确处理运动员发展与获胜的关系;确立＂促进运动员发展＂的长远目标,帮助运动员获得身体上、心理上及社会性的发展;训练方式上采取技战术教学与实战比赛相结合的＂比赛训练方式＂,发挥体育在娱乐及育人方面的功效;在运动训练的同时关注运动员品格教育,为年轻人的将来做准备。其从运动员的主体地位及全面发展出发,追求满足训练主体的个人自我需求和满意度的特点,符合运动训练成功的规律,符合阳光体育和快乐体育的宗旨,具有一定的先进性及科学性。这些特点及经验对改变中国青少年运动训练的功利化现状,促进中国青少年运动训练的健康持续发展有极大的启示。

The youth sports training concept and coach＇s work of the United States Sports Education Program always embody the characteristics of the athletes as the first. For example, it establishes the concept of ＂athletes first, winning second＂, correctly handles the relationship between the development of the ath- letes and the winning, establishes the long- term goal of ＂promoting the devel- opment of the athletes＂, and helps athletes gain physic psychological and so- cial development. On the way of training, this program uses the ＂ competition training mode＂ which take the combination of skills and tactics teaching and ac- tual competition, so as to function the sport in terms of entertainment and educa- tion. At the same time, the sports training is concerned with the character educa- tion of the athletes, preparing for the future of the youth. It starts from the main body position and overall development of the athletes. The characteristic of the pursuit to meet the individual needs and satisfaction of the athletes can meet the success of the rules of sports training and conform to the purpose of sunshine sports and happy sports and have the certain advanced and scientific. These char- acteristics and experience has a great inspiration to the present situation of the change of the youth sports training and promote the healthy and sustainable devel- opment of youth sports training in our country.