六朝建康灾害研究

A Study of Disasters in Jiankang City in the Six Dynasties

建康在六朝时发生灾害381次,占同期各地区灾害记录总和的三分之二以上。建康及周边地区的建设与开发,一方面可以集聚大量的资源、建立相对完备的防灾减灾体系,有助于增强城市抵御与应对灾害的能力;另一方面也容易激化人地矛盾,打破此前人地关系协调的局面,是诱发灾害的要因之一。建康受灾后,六朝各政府采取了赈济、减蠲赋役、申倡节约等荒政措施进行应对,但总体上成效有限。实现人地关系的动态平衡,是维持城市发展与灾害之间良性关系的关键因素。

There occurred 381 disasters in Jiankang city in the Six Dynasties, which accounts for over two thirds of the sum of recorded disasters in all regions in the same period. The construction and development of Jiankang as well as its neighborhood, on the one hand, may gather hosts of resources to build a relatively perfect disaster prevention and mitigation system, contributing to enhancing the city's ability to resist and cope with disasters; on the other hand, the construction and development are likely to aggravate the contradiction between human and land by breaking the previous balance between human and land, which is one of the causes for disasters. After Jiankang suffered disasters, all the governments in the Six Dynasties took measures like relief, tax reduction and conservation, but by and large achieved limited effects. Striking a dynamic balance between human and land is key to maintaining a good relationship between urban development and disasters.