改良毛细管免疫分型技术在冷球蛋白分型鉴定中的应用

The application of modified capillary immunotyping technique for cryoglobulin identification

目的改良毛细管免疫分型技术用于冷球蛋白鉴定的方法建立与临床应用。方法参考文献及工作经验，建立改良毛细管免疫分型技术用于冷球蛋白鉴定。严格按照冷球蛋白采样要求，收集2016年11月至2017年7月在北京协和医院检测冷球蛋白阳性的标本78份，其中39份分别采用改良的毛细管免疫分型和免疫固定电泳方法进行分型鉴定。结果采用改良毛细管免疫分型技术，78例冷球蛋白阳性标本中鉴定出Ⅲ型冷球蛋白最多，其次是Ⅱ型、Ⅰ型，不同类型冷球蛋白血症患者临床特点与既往报道相似。在检测速度、结果判读的清晰度和准确度上，改良毛细管免疫分型技术明显优于免疫固定电泳方法，两者可报告比例为1：0．87。结论毛细管免疫分型技术是一种准确而简便易行的冷球蛋白鉴定方法，适于临床实验室使用。

Objective To establish and evaluate the application of modified capillary immunotyping for cryoglobulin qualification. Methods Referred to literature and benchwork experience, a modified capillary immunotyping technique was set up for cryoglobulin identification. Seventy-eight cryoglobulin positive specimens were collected by a standard method in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from November 2016 to July 2017. Thirty-nine samples were identified the type of the cryoglobulin simultaneously by modified capillary immunotyping （ CI ） and immunofixation electrophoresis （ IFE ）. Results Using the modified capillary immunotyping method, the types of cryoglobulin in seventy-eight specimens were identified. The number of eases decreased in the order of Ⅲ, Ⅱ and Ⅰ type of cryoglobulin. The clinical characteristics coincidence with previous reports. The modified CI method had a dramatic advantage in the speed, clarity, and accuracy of resuhs compared with IFE. The ratio of reportable cases between these two methods was 1 ： 0. 87. Conclusion The modified capillary immunotyping was an accurate and easy method for cryoglobulin qualification, and feasible for clinical application.