《狂野之夜》中传记叙事的施为性研究

Performative of Biographic Narration in Wild Nights

讲述爱伦·坡、狄金森、马克·吐温、享利·詹姆斯和海明威最后时日故事的短篇小说集《狂野之夜》,既向读者传递了如何与孤独抗争的内在向性力量,又展示了如何通过人生故事的改写来寻求生命意义的叙事式认知方式,更为重要的是,通过时空并置的隐喻式书写再现了作家人生与读者人生进行联结的可能。欧茨将五位文学大师的人生叙事统一在施为性的伦理目标之下,这不仅对传记小说真实与虚构之间的持久纷争提出了新的伦理纬度,而且将传记从解构主义的漩涡中拉回到对于意义本质和作者身份的审视当中。

Short novels Wild Nights which tells the last days’ stories of five great writers： Alan Poe, Dickinson, Mark Twine, Henry James and Hemingway, it not only delivers the inner tropism power for overcoming solitude, but also presents the constructive narrative method of searching life meaning by rewriting life story, most importantly, it presents the possibility of connecting of writers’ and readers’ lives by allegoric writing of spatiotemporal juxtaposition. This text thinks Oates connected the life story of five great writers under the performative ethical theme, which provides new ethical latitude for the persistent contradiction between the reality and fiction of the biographic novel, and puts the biography back from the vertex of deconstruction into the reconsideration of essential meaning and authors’ identity.