生命权宪法保障问题研究

Constitutional Guarantee of the Right to Life

生命权不仅具有基本权利的一般属性,而且在基本权利体系中居于前提和基础的地位。生命权入宪有助于完善我国的生命权保障体系,为民事和刑事领域的立法提供基础和支持。然宪法对生命权的规定无需面面俱到,而应为宪法解释留下空间,以适应未来社会和科技的发展。一方面应在必要的时候通过修改逐步完善宪法的基本权利体系,在宪法中明确规定对生命权的保障;另一方面,更为重要的是,应逐步探索我国的宪法解释机制,完善包括生命权在内的公民基本权利的宪法救济途径,推动宪法实施。

The right to life not only has the general attribute of basic rights, but also occupies the premise and foundation position in the basic rights system. The constitutionalization of the right to life is helpful to perfect the system of protecting the right to life in our country and provides the foundation and support for legislation in civil and criminal fields. However, the constitutional provision of the right to life need not be exhaustive, but should leave room for the interpretation of the constitution to adapt to future social and technological development. On the one hand, the basic rights system of the constitution should be improved step by step through revision when necessary, and the protection of the right to life should be clearly stipulated in the constitution. On the other hand, it is more important to gradually explore the mechanism of constitutional interpretation in China, improve the way of constitutional remedy for citizens’ basic rights, including the right to life, and promote the implementation of the constitution.