综合医院门诊患者便秘及心理健康调查

Research on constipation and psychological health in outpatient of general hospital

目的了解综合医院门诊患者的便秘及心理健康情况。方法选取2013年7月～2014年7月于首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院门诊就诊的5000例患者,采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)对其进行问卷调查,并根据罗马Ⅲ制订的便秘标准诊断便秘患者,运用SPSS 18.0统计学软件对相关数据进行统计分析。结果回收有效问卷4911份,问卷有效率为98.22%;综合医院门诊便秘患者占门诊调查患者总数的19.04%,其中女性便秘患者占77.65%,男性占22.35%,女性患者明显高于男性;不同年龄患病率也不同,其中45～59岁中年组便秘患者年龄构成比最高,占42.67%,60岁以上老年人组便秘者患病率最高,占48.12%;与全国常模比较,其中抑郁、焦虑、偏执、躯体化等因子分差异有高度统计学意义(P <0.01)。结论综合医院便秘患者在门诊患者中占一定比例,其在抑郁、焦虑、躯体化等精神心理方面存在一定问题。

Objective To understand the constipation and mental health of outpatients in general hospital. Methods A total of 5000 patients from the Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University from July 2013 to July 2014 were selected. Patients were diagnosed by Symptom Checklist-90 （SCL-90）, and constipation patients were diagnosed according to the constipation standard established by RomeⅢ. Statistical analysis was performed on the relevant data using statistical software SPSS 18.0. Results A total of 4911 valid questionnaires were collected, the effective rate of the questionnaire was 98.22%; the number of constipation patients in general hospitals accounted for 19.04% of the total number of outpatients, including 77.65% of female constipation patients and 22.35% of males, female patients were significantly higher than males. The prevalence of different ages was also different. Among them, the age-complexity ratio of constipation patients in the middle-aged group of 45-59 years old was the highest, accounting for 42.67%. The prevalence rate of constipation in the elderly group over 60 years old was the highest, accounting for 48.12%; compared with the model, the factors such as depression, anxiety, paranoia, and somatization were statistically different （P 〈 0.01）. Conclusion Patients with constipation in general hospitals account for a certain proportion of outpatients, and they have certain problems in mental and psychological aspects such as depression, anxiety and somatization.