新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院收治突发事件患者的特征分析

Analysis of characteristics of patients admitted to Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region People′s Hospital

目的分析新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院(以下简称"我院")收治的突发事件患者的人口、时间、临床特征,为减少突发事件对个人、家庭的伤害提供依据和建议。方法选择2009年2月～2016年11月我院因突发事件收治住院的患者为研究对象,采用描述性流行病学研究方法,分析患者的基本信息、伤害特征等。结果 2009年2月～2016年11月我院共收治突发事件住院患者16 102例,跌倒与交通事故占前两位,分别为8506例(52.8%)和4091例(25.4%);2009年2月～2014年12月,突发事件呈现明显上升的趋势,2015年1月～2016年11月缓慢下降。在我院收治的突发事件住院患者中,性别、民族、年龄分组、婚姻状况、职业分布的差异均有高度统计学意义(P <0.01)。各类突发事件入院时情况临床未确定的占大多数,有7386例(45.9%),其中交通事故最高(2275例,55.6%);住院时间1～2周的患者最多,有6689例(41.5%),其中跌倒患者所占构成比最高(46.3%);住院天数>1个月者1105例(6.9%),其中火灾或烫伤患者所占构成比最高(29.4%)。出院转归中治愈的占大多数,有11 539例(71.6%),其中跌倒中治愈人数所占构成比最高(72.2%)。结论突发事件住院患者以跌倒与交通事故居多。应采取政府主导、综合预防的方法,保护重点人群,有效减少突发事件的发生。

Objective To analyze the population, time and clinical features of emergency patients admitted to Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region People′s Hospital （＂our hospital＂ for short）, in order to provide the useful suggestion for reducing emergency damage to individuals and families. Methods From February 2009 to November 2016, patients with emergency treatment in our hospital were selected as the research object, descriptive epidemiology research method was adopted to analyze the basic information and injury characteristics of patients. Results In total, 16 102 cases were admitted to our hospital from February 2009 to November 2016, in which falls and traffic accidents accounted for 8506 cases （52.8%） and 4091 cases （25.4%） respectively. From February 2009 to December 2014, the number of emergencies increased significantly, and declined slowly from January 2015 to November 2016. Among the emergency inpatients admitted to our hospital, there were statistically significant differences in gender, nationality, age group, marital status and occupational distribution （P 〈 0.01）. The majority of all kinds of emergencies were not clinically confirmed at the time of admission, with 7386 cases （45.9%）, of which traffic accidents were the highest （2275 cases, 55.6%）. The number of patients hospitalized between one and two weeks was the highest, with 6689 cases （41.5%）, and the proportion of patients with falls was the highest （46.3%）. There were 1105 cases （6.9%） with more than one month of hospitalization, with the highest proportion of patients with fire or burns （29.4%）. The majority of patients were cured in hospital discharge and return, with 11 539 cases （71.6%）, among which the number of people cured in falling down was the highest （72.2%）. Conclusion Falls and traffic accidents were the major cause of emergency hospitalizations. Governmental-led interventions and comprehensive preventions should be taken to protect highrisk populations and reduce the occurrence of emergency effectively.