典型医化园区废气和环境空气中挥发性有机物污染特征

The Pollution Characteristic Study of Volatile Organic Compounds for Waste Gas and Ambient Air in A Typical Pharmaceutical and Chemical Industry Zone

对典型医化园区中的挥发性有机物(VOCs)污染特征进行研究,采用便携式气相色谱质谱法监测园区及周边14个点位的环境空气,大气预浓缩气相色谱质谱法监测10个点位排气筒中废气。结果表明,废气中非甲烷总烃为1. 77～218 mg/m3,环境空气中甲苯、二氯甲烷、丙酮、乙酸乙酯、四氢呋喃的质量浓度分别为0. 048～0. 833,0. 022～3. 07,0. 011～0. 312,0. 004～0. 754和0. 004～0. 529 mg/m3;废气和环境空气中均检出含量较高的芳香烃、卤代烃、酯类、酮类等化合物,以及园区特征的氟苯类和噻吩类化合物。园区环境空气明显受到工业源VOCs污染,分布趋势为生产越密集区域VOCs值越高,经过园区后沿着风向逐渐降低,园区下风向11 km处可测到园区特征氟苯类物质。

A study of volatile organic compounds （VOCs） was conducted in a typical pharmaceutical and chemical industry zone （PCIZ）. Portable gas chromatography with mass spectrometric detector （GC-MS） and preconcentration system with laboratory GC-MS were employed to 14 ambient air sampling sites and 10 waste gas sampling sites, which obtained from typical manufacturing enterprise.The results showed that the concentration of non-methane hydrocarbons （NMHC） in waste gas were 1.77～218 mg/m 3 , while the contents of toluene, dichloromethane, acetone, ethyl acetate and tetrahydrofuran in ambient air were 0.048～0.833, 0.022～ 3.07,0.011～0.312,0.004～0.754,0.004～0.529 mg/m 3 , respectively. Higher concentrations of aromatic hydrocarbons, halogenated hydrocarbons, esters, ketones were detected in both waste gas and ambient air, as well as the fluorinated benzenes and thiophenes, which are the characteristic compounds of PCIZ. It revealed that ambient air was polluted by VOCs exhausted from industrial sources significantly. The distribution trend showed higher concentration of VOCs in higher intensive production areas. Though the concentration of VOCs reduced with the wind direction, florinated benzenes, the characteristic compounds of PCIZ, could still be detected in the downwind area, which is 11km far away from the PCIZ.