霍山石斛标本的固色与塑化方法探讨

A Study of Color Fixation and Plastination on Dendrobium Huoshanense Specimen

为制作霍山石斛塑化标本,用氯化亚锡溶液对其根固色,用硫酸铜和醋酸铜溶液对其茎叶、果实固色;以硫酸铜、醋酸铜和氯化亚锡溶液对其花固色,探索最优的固色和塑化工艺参数。结果显示7%氯化亚锡对石斛根固色5min,10%硫酸铜溶液、14%和20%的醋酸铜溶液对石斛茎叶、果实固色2～3d,7%氯化亚锡对石斛花固色3～6h的效果最佳。标本塑化时以分子量400的聚乙二醇为主,延长20%、60%聚乙二醇(分子量200)和60%聚乙二醇(分子量400)置换水分子的时间至12h具有更好的塑化效果。

In order to make the plasticized specimen of the Dendrobium huoshanense and explore the optimum process of color fixing and plasticization,various solutions such as solution 1 containing stannous chloride,solution 2 containing cupric sulfate and cupric acetate and solution 3 containing cupric sulfate,cupric acetate,and stannous chloride were used to fix the color of the root,stem leaf,capsule and flower,respectively.The result showed that 7%stannous chloride on root fixation for 5 min,10%copper sulfate solution,14% and 20%copper acetate solution for stem and leaf,fruit pod fixation 2～3 d,and 7%stannous chloride for flower fixation for 3～6 hwere optimum conditions.Using PEG-400 as plasticizer and prolonging the dehydration time presented excellent plasticity.