我国药用菊花栽培品种和产地调查

A Survey of Varieties and Producing Areas of Chinese Flos Dendranthematis

为了对我国药用菊花的栽培品种和栽培产地进行考察,了解药用菊花的栽培现状。经过实地调查,以及对标本和文献的研究。结果表明:贡菊在地道产区歙县为主体栽培,但栽培品种发生了较大的变化,出现了七月菊、太阳花等劣质品种;杭菊地道产区现形成以浙江桐乡为地道,江苏射阳和湖北麻城为引种产区的新格局,分别主产湖菊、小白菊、大白菊,而杭黄菊仅产于江苏射阳,其中桐乡和射阳出现杭菊新兴加工品胎菊,引种产区出现早菊;滁菊在安徽滁州南谯区形成了规模较大的栽培基地,种质均为正品滁菊;亳菊目前在亳州生产有限,当地栽培的是劣质的大马牙;祁菊在河北安国已形成了一定的规模,品种、生产稳定;怀菊栽培又重新起步。结论:近十几年来,药用菊花的栽培品种和产地均发生了明显的变化。

Objective：To investigate the varieties and producing areas of Chinese Flos Dendranthematis,as well as learn about the cultivation status.Methods：Surveying on the spots and studying specimens and looking up literatures.Results：We found that Shexian was the basic producing area of Gongju.The varieties of Gongju had a great change,Qiyueju and Taiyanghua,which were inferior breeds,had appeared.The genuine region of Hangju had formed a new production structure that the genuine producing area was Tongxiang Zhejiang.Sheyang Jiangsu and Macheng Hubei were the introduction areas,where Huju,Xiaobaiju and Dabaiju were produced.Hanghuangju was only cultivated in Sheyang.Taiju,a new processed goods had been developed in Tongxiang and Sheyang.And Zaoju,a new breed begins to take shape in the introduction areas.Nanqiao District has became a large cultivation base of Chuju,which was genuine of all.There wasn＇t any producing base of Boju,because the inferior Damaya had took the place of Boju there.Besides,in Anguo Hebei,Qiju had been well cultivated by local people and the variety didn＇t changed.On the other hand,Huaiju had little producing areas.Conclusion：In past several years,the varieties and producing areas of Chinese Flos Dendranthematis had been much more different than before.