大学生主动性人格与创业意向:预先应对和预防应对的链式中介作用

University Students' Proactive Personality and Willingness of Entrepreneurship:Chain Mediating Effect of Pre-coping and Preventive Coping

目的:探讨大学生的主动性人格对创业意向的影响机制,并检验未来取向应对(预防应对和预先应对)在其间发挥的中介效应。方法:采用主动性人格量表、未来取向应对量表和创业意向量表,对安徽省三所高等院校1052名大学生进行测量。结果:高等院校大学生主动性人格对创业意向具有显著的正向预测作用;预先应对在大学生主动性人格和创业意向中起着完全中介作用,而预防应对无显著中介效应;验证了未来取向应对的序列模型。结论:主动性人格既能够直接预测创业意向,也能够通过预先应对的中介作用以及预先应对-预防应对的链式中介作用间接预测高等院校大学生创业意向。

The paper concerns a study which aims to discover the influencing mechanism of university students＇ proactive personality for their willingness of entrepreneurship and verify the mediating effect of future-oriented coping （including pre-coping and preventive coping） in the process on the basis of a survey among 1,052 students from 3 universities in Anhui Province by means of 3 scales respectively concerning proactive personality, future-oriented coping and willingness of entrepreneurship. It demonstrates that the subjects＇ proactive personality plays a remarkable positve predictive role in their willingness of entrepreneurship, pre-coping plays a role of full mediator between their proactive personality and willingness of entrepreneurship, but preventive coping fails to play a role of remarkable mediator. In addition, it also verifies a sequential model of furture-oriented coping. Thus, a conclusion is drawn that one＇s proactive personality is able to predict directly his willingness of enterpreneurship, and predict it indirectly through the mediation of pre-coping as well as the chain mediation of precoping to preventive coping.