马克思《资本论》中的“机器”概念剖析

Analysis of the concept of “the machine” in Marx's Capital

机器概念在马克思主义理论中占据重要位置,是马克思考察资本主义的重要维度。马克思在《资本论》中对资本主义生产方式进行了系统的考察,详细论述了机器的产生、发展及其资本主义应用。马克思明确指出,工场手工业的发展为机器的产生奠定了物质基础。同时,马克思在对机器发展的技术进程进行考察时,也详细论述了资本逻辑对机器的推进作用,并就机器的资本主义应用对工人造成的剥削与异化进行了鞭辟入里的分析与批判。

The concept of the machine is an important dimension of Marx’sinvestigation on capitalism,which occupies an important position in Marxist thought.Marx made asystematic study of capitalist mode of production in Capital ,and discussed the generation,development and capitalist application of the machine in detail.Marx pointed that the development of the handicraft industry laid the material foundation for the production of machine.While examining the machine’s technical process,Marx pointed out it examined the role of capital logic in advancing the machine.Marx made a detailed analysis of the connotation of the machine in Capital ,and criticized the exploitation and alienation of workers by the capitalist application of machines.