重卡双前桥转向机构的结构动态优化

Structural Dynamic Optimization of Double Front Axle Steering Mechanism of Heavy Truck

针对某8×4重卡双前桥转向机构存在部分零件变形大,甚至出现塑形变形的问题,运用仿真方法得出了转向系统在满载原地转向工况下的零部件变形和应力结果,并进行了零件结构优化。为得到部分杆件较优结构方案,分别采用传统的静态优化方法和结构动态优化方法——等效静态载荷法。结果表明:优化方案可明显改善转向机构变形的问题,减小由变形造成的轮胎转角误差值,且动态优化优于静态优化。

A 8 × 4 heavy truck double front axle steering mechanism has engineering problems such as large deformation and even plastic deformation of some parts. The deformation of parts and stress results of the steering system under full load and in situ steering conditions were obtained by simulation method, and the structure optimization of parts was carried out. In order to obtain the optimal structural scheme of some members, the traditional static optimization method and the structural dynamic optimization method Equivalent Static Load （ESL） method were adopted respectively. The results show that the proposed optimization scheme can obviously improve the deformation of steering mechanism and reduce the tire angle error caused by deformation. Moreover, the dynamic structure optimization is superior to static optimization.