全国主要城市颗粒物浓度波动分析及设计值比较

Fluctuation Analysis and Design Value Comparison of Particulate Matter in Major Cities in China

本文以国内30个城市2014～2016年的逐日颗粒物浓度为依据,对首要颗粒物PM2.5及PM10的近几年波动情况及规律做了分析,将全国主要城市分为Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ类,采用"平均不保证天数法"计算求得三类城市分别的颗粒物室外设计浓度。并在此基础上进一步求得各城市在满足国标PM2.5年平均一级限值的情况下所需的过滤器过低PM2.5过滤效率。结果表明,针对PM2.5及PM10浓度历年平均不保证5天的设计值中,设计值最高的为郑州市,为95.5μg/m^3,同时满足PM2.5和PM10国标年平均浓度限值35μg/m^3的有深圳、福州、拉萨,占比10%。不同类别的城市为满足国标PM2.5年平均一级限值所需的过滤器最低效率范围区间有较大差别。

The fluctuation of the PM2.5 and PM10 in the last few years is analyzed based on the daily particle concentration of 30 cities between 2014 and 2016, and the major cities in China are divided into Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ. Using the＂Unassured Days for Average Year＂, the outdoor design concentration of particles of the three types of cities were calculated. According to the national standard PM2.5 annual average value of the limit, the minimum PM2.5 efficiency of air filters were calculated. The results showed that the maximum value of PM2.5 and PM10 was Zhengzhou with the95.5 μg/m^3 for the design value of 5 days, and the average concentration limit of PM2.5 and PM10 was 35 μg/m^3 of Shenzhen, Fuzhou, Lhasa, accounting for 10%. In order to meet the demands of national standard PM2.5 annual year limit, the efficiency range of air filters vary a lot.