家蚕中调控胚胎滞育的滞育激素及其受体研究概况

Current research status of diapause hormone and its receptors regulating embryo diapause in the silkworm, Bombyx mori

滞育是昆虫为躲避不良生存环境而进化出的一种个体发育停滞的生存策略和状态,家蚕Bombyx mori滞育发生于胚胎发育早期,为卵滞育型。家蚕胚胎滞育是由咽下神经节分泌的滞育激素作用于卵巢,通过卵巢细胞膜上的滞育激素受体介导,引发卵内一系列物质代谢变化而引发的发育事件。本文综述了家蚕滞育激素的发现及其结构与功能,以及滞育激素受体的基因克隆与表达、信号转导与机理等研究概况,并展望了其研究前景,以期推进家蚕胚胎滞育诱导、阻止和解除全过程的分子机理研究,并为进一步利用家蚕胚胎滞育进行传统养蚕业的技术提升等提供理论依据。

Diapause is an adaptive developmental strategy and state adopted by insects to survive in challenging environments. The silkworm, Bombyx mori, is a typical egg diapause insect, and the diapause happens in the early stages of its embryonic development. The diapause hormone （DH） is secreted by the suboesophageal ganglion of B. mori , playing a key role in the process of egg diapause. DH transmits signals via diapause hormone receptor （DHR） on the surface of silkworm ovarian cells, regulating the material metabolism and then determining the diapause of eggs. In this article, we summarized the discovery process and structure and function of DH, reviewed the gene cloning and expression, signal transduction and mechanism of DHR in the silkworm, and put forward the research prospects. It is expected to provide a molecular theoretical basis for studying the whole process of induction, inhibition and termination of embryonic diapause and further utilizing silkworm embryo diapause to improve the technology of traditional silkworm rearing.