从多项行为学测评分析慢传输型便秘大鼠的精神心理异常及其意义

Behavioral analysis of mental and psychological abnormalities and their significance in rats with functional constipation

目的观察、对比、分析功能性便秘大鼠动物模型的行为,评价其行为反映出的心理学基础.方法 60只清洁级SD大鼠,雌雄各半.按性别随机分为3组,分别为重度便秘组、轻度便秘组、对照组,每组各20只.便秘模型按复方苯乙哌啶灌胃造模,按给药剂量区分重度及轻度便秘模型组.造模成功后记录各组体重与排便情况,观察并记录每组大鼠的应激行为表现,包括攻击、修饰及探究行为;并以高架十字迷宫评价其焦虑行为、糖水偏爱试验评价其抑郁行为.将记录结果进行统计学分析.结果轻度、重度便秘模型大鼠的攻击行为、修饰行为与对照组相比无明显变化,仅探究行为有统计学意义,并与病情严重程度有关.高架十字迷宫结果各组间无显著性差异;糖水偏爱试验提示重度便秘模型大鼠的糖水消耗量与偏爱程度明显低于对照组,而轻度模型组则与对照组差异不显著.结论造模药物剂量与便秘严重程度有关,而便秘严重程度与行为学异常程度之间呈正向关联.但便秘大鼠的行为学表现较复杂,总体来说心理状态倾向于抑郁.

AIM To observe, compare, and analyze the behavior of rats with functional constipation and evaluate the psychological basis for their behavior.Sixty SD rats with a male-female ratio of 1：1 were randomly and equally divided into three groups： a severe constipation group, a mild constipation group, and a control group. Constipation was induced in rats by intragastric administration of compound diphenoxylate. The difference between the severe constipation group and mild constipation group was the severity of constipate symptoms, which was caused by the difference in the dose of compound diphenoxylate used. The weight and defecation of each group were recorded after constipation was modeled successfully. Behaviors of all the groups were assessed by the empty bottle stress test （aggression, modification, and exploration）, elevated plus-maze test （anxiety）, and sucrose preference test （depression）. The data obtained were then statistically analyzed.RESULTS In the empty bottle stress test, neither aggressive behavior nor modified behavior in both mild and severe constipation rats had a significant change compared with the control group; however, exploratory behavior showed a statistical change which seemed to be related with the severity of symptoms. No significant difference was observed among all groups in the elevated plus- maze test. As to the sucrose preference test, the sugarwater consumption and preference degree of rats with severe constipation were significantly lower than those of the control group, while no difference was observed between the mild constipation group and control group.CONCLUSION The severity of constipate symptoms might be related to the dosage of modeling drugs. Also, the severity of symptoms is positively correlated with the behavioral abnormality. However, the behavioral performance of constipation rats is complicated, and the psychological state is generally inclined to depression.