从《鄘风·定之方中》看卫国都城复建及发展

Viewing the Reconstruction and Development of the Capital of Wei State from Yongfeng-Dingzhifangzhong

鲁闵公二年(前660年),狄人攻入卫国,致使卫国君死民散。在此危难之际,幸赖诸侯继绝存亡之功,卫国方不至于灭国。两年之后,卫文公新建国都于楚丘而迁之,励精图治,遂使卫国复兴。《诗经·鄘风·定之方中》一诗表达了卫国人对文公复建都城及治国兴邦的由衷赞美。通过对与此诗相关的注解和考论的辨析,能够更加清晰地对卫文公复国建都时的修建城郭、相地选址、营建宫室等事件进行历时呈现,并解析相关活动背后的文化精神。同时,将此诗置入当时的历史背景中进行考辨,亦可揭晓卫国在复国后较短的时间内达到中兴的原因正在于卫文公能够规划宏远、为政以德。

In 660 BC , the northern tribal Di attacked the Wei State, causing the death of the lord and the dispersion of people. Two years later, the new lord of Wei, Wen Gong relocated the capital in Chuqiu, and made every effort to revive the country. The poem Yongfeng-Dingzhifangzhong in the Book of Songs expresses the people＇ s heartfelt praise of Wen Gong, who rebuilt and rejuvenated their country. Through the compare-research of the annotations and dissertations related to this poem, one can find that Wen Gong＇ srebuild of the city, the selection of the capital and the construction of palaces show the cultural and spirit behind the story. Thinking this poem in its historical background can disclose Wen Gong＇ s ethical governance guided the country to revive in a short time.