大型工件单目结构光三维扫描方法

A three-dimensional scanning method for large workpiece by monocular structure light

针对大型工件,提出了一种基于单目线结构光三维扫描的方法。通过引入线结构光平面建立了视觉传感器数学模型和多项式模型,并使用高精密手动平移台控制平行线靶标在6个固定位置的移动对相机和光平面进行标定,提高标定的精度和准确度。同时对测量工件部分精准定位有效区域,减小程序运算量。该扫描方法可直接构建传感器的测量坐标系,过程简单,速度较快。通过对大尺寸铝合金铸件进行扫描测试,选取了合适的扫描速度v=1. 25mm/s,在满足精度的前提下提升了工业应用的效率。实验结果证明,此种方法能够有效准确的对物体表面进行重构,平均误差小于0. 1 mm,具有较高的精度。

A method for three-dimensional scanning of large-size workpieces based on monocular line structure light is proposed. Visual sensor mathematical model and polynomial model were established by introducing the light plane of the line structure, and the camera and the light plane were calibrated by using the high-precision manual translation stage to control the movement of the parallel line target in six fixed positions to improve the accuracy and accuracy of the calibration. At the same time, accurate measurement of the workpieee part of the effective area, reducing the a-mount of program operations. The scanning method can directly construct the measurement coordinate system of the sensor, the process is simple and the speed is fast. Through scanning tests on large-size aluminum alloy castings, a suitable scanning speed v = 1.25 mm/s was selected, and the efficiency of industrial application was improved under the premise of satisfying the accuracy. The experimental results show that this method can effectively and accurately reconstruct the surface of the object with an average error of less than 0. 1 mm and high accuracy.