职前英语语言教师的实习压力及应对策略

Practicum Stress and Coping Strategies of Pre-service English Language Teachers

通过课堂观察和访谈,调查分析了8名职前英语教师在实习中的压力来源及他们所采用的应对策略。研究结果显示,职前英语教师的压力源主要有缺乏自信、课堂纪律管理、课堂时间控制、与学生及合作教师的交流沟通、教学过程、适应新环境等诸多方面。他们应对压力的主要策略有自我心理疏导、向他人倾诉、观摩他人课堂、与学生和指导老师交流、认真备课、使用网络信息技术、使用物质奖励手段、运动放松等。为了能减缓职前教师的实习压力,增强实习效果,职前教师教育课程中应针对常见的实习压力产生因素和应激策略等问题进行适当的探讨和反思,做好实习前的准备工作。

This study investigates the sources of 8 pre-service language teachers’ stress and the strategies that they use to cope with this stress at practicum. The data of the study is gained via classroom observation and face-to-face interviews. The results shows that the main practicum stress sources that pre-service English teachers are meeting involve： lack of confidence, classroom management, classroom time control, communicating with student, supervisors and mentors, teaching process, and adapting to the new environment, etc. Their strategies to cope with the stress include： self psychological counseling, talking about problems to others, observing others’ classroom, communicating with students and instructors, preparing a lesson more carefully, working on the Internet, using material incentive, and relaxing exercise, etc. It is suggested that stress generating factors and the strategies that pre-service language teachers employ should be discussed and reflected upon in pre-service language teacher education programs.