清代满洲喇嘛庙兴衰及其背后的政治文化意义

The Rise and Fall of Manchu Lama Temples in the Qing Dynasty and The Political Cultural Significance Behind Them

满洲喇嘛、清字经卷、新订清语音调,是构成满洲喇嘛庙的三要素。因档案史料的分散与不完整,满洲喇嘛庙的始建史实,向来说法不一,因此本论之首要任务,即在于对其始建情形进行勾勒。乾隆以后,满洲喇嘛庙逐渐走向衰落,这与内府体制缺陷的暴露与延伸、制度设计不尽合理、家国危机加深等因由息息相关。但并不能因此忽视满洲喇嘛庙背后承载的政治文化意义:经由"阐教同文"的发挥,同文之治在宗教领域得以不断实践,多语经卷表象下"中央"与"地方"、"多元"与"单一"的政治文化秩序嵌入其中,与"大一统"的国家建构交相呼应。

Manchu lama, Manchu volumes, new specified Manchu tone, which were the three elementsthat made up Manchu Lama Temples. Because of archival material,s dispersion and incompleteness, scholarshold different opinions about Manchu lama temples, initial establishment situation. The primary task of thearticle is to describe its initial establishment situation clearly. After Qianlong period, Manchu lama templesdeclined gradually, which was closely related to the exposure and extension of Imperial Household DepartmentSystem defects, the unreasonable system design, the exacerbation of royal and country,s crisis, and so on. Thepolitical and cultural significance behind them should not be overlooked： by the impact of ‘ chan jiao tongwen’, tong wen zhi zhi got continuous practice in the religious field. The political culture order of ‘ centralauthority’ and ‘local regime’, ‘diversity’ and ‘ simplification’ are embedded in the multilingual volumes,which is corresponding to the national unification.