马克思“民生伦理”论纲

On the People's Livelihood Ethics of Marx

民生作为民众的生存、生计和生活,不仅是一个经济学、社会学等领域的问题,而且是一个重要的伦理学问题,它随着社会发展理念的演进而得到凸显。在马克思哲学历史观中,虽然没有对民生伦理做过系统而集中的研究,却蕴涵着大量关于民生伦理方面的思想和论述。根据人与自身、人与他人、人与社会、民众与政府的关系等分析视角,可以将马克思的民生伦理析分为人性尊严、国民幸福、公平正义和共建共享等多重维度。其中人性尊严是民生伦理的逻辑起点,国民幸福是民生伦理的价值追求,公平正义是民生伦理的社会基础,共建共享是民生伦理的实践逻辑,政府利益与民生幸福之间的关系则是民生伦理之根本。

As the survival and livelihood of people, people's livelihood is not only a problem in economics and sociology, but also an ethical problem. It becomes a prominent issue with the evolution of social development thoughts. Although there is no concentrated, systematic study on people's livelihood ethics in Marx's conception, it involves plentiful ideas of people's livelihood ethics. According to perspectives of individual and individual itself, individual and others, individual and society, people and government, people's livelihood ethics of Marx can be divided into multiple dimensions including human dignity, national happiness, fairness and justice, co-construction and sharing, and so on. Human dignity is the logic starting point of people's livelihood ethics. National happiness is the value pursuit of people's livelihood ethics.Fairness and justice is the social foundation of people's livelihood ethics. Co-construction and sharing is the practical logic of people's livelihood ethics. The relationship between government interests and national happiness is the foundation of people's livelihood ethics.