中药注射剂不良反应的特点及临床合理用药分析

Analysis on characteristics of adverse drug reactions of traditional Chinese medicine injection and clinical rational use

目的分析中药注射剂不良反应的发生情况及其特点,寻求在临床上合理使用中药注射剂的方法。方法选取2014年1月-2017年12月在医院使用中药注射剂进行治疗并出现不良反应的患者108例,分析不良反应发生的时间、部位及诱发不良反应的中药注射剂的情况。结果发生不良反应的中药注射液主要有11种,其中七叶皂苷钠最多35例(32. 41%),其次为炎琥宁注射液21例(19. 44%)。不良反应发生最少的为舒血宁注射液1例(0. 93%)。发生不良反应的部位主要集中在用药部位局部、皮肤、消化系统、循环系统、运动系统、过敏性系统等,其中最多的为用药部位局部39例(36. 11%),最少的为过敏性系统3例(2. 78%)。结论正确认识中药注射剂的安全性,合理使用中药注射剂,并进一步进行监管,能减少中药注射剂不良反应的发生,对医院使用中药注射剂具有一定的参考意义。

Objective To investigate the occurrence and characteristics of adverse effects of traditional Chinese medi- cine injection,and how to use traditional Chinese medicine injection in clinical practice. Methods 108 patients who had been treated with traditional Chinese medicine injections and occurred adverse reactions in the hospital from January 2014 to Decem- ber 2017 were selected. The occur time of adverse reactions, where the adverse reactions occurred and the incidence of adverse reactions were analyzed. Results There were mainly 11 kinds of traditional Chinese medicine injections which had adverse re- actions. Qiyezaoganna Injection had the most （35 cases, 32.41% ）, followed by Yanhuning Injection （21 cases, 19.44% ）. Shuxuening Injection had the fewest adverse reaction（ 1 cases,O. 93% ）. The parts of the adverse reaction mainly focus on the injection places, skin, digestive system, circulation system, exercise system, allergic system and so on. Among them, the most oc- curred in the local part of the injection （39 cases, 36.11% ）, the fewest occurred in the allergic system （ 3 cases, 2.78% ）. Conclusion The correct understanding of the safety of traditional Chinese medicine injections, the rational use of traditional Chinese medicine injections and the further supervision can reduce the occurrence of traditional Chinese medicine injections adverse reactions, and it has a certain reference value for the use of traditional Chinese medicine injections in hospitals.