清代“大一统”政治文化的构建——以《盛京通志》的纂修与传播为例

Building and Response of Grand Unification as Political Culture in Qing Dynasty:Taking the Case of Shengjing Provincial Gazetteer's Compilation and Circulation

清人四次纂修《盛京通志》。康熙、雍正两朝所修《盛京通志》是《一统志》纂修的一部分,地方当局通过纂辑盛京地区风土人情,体现清朝统治疆域的广度。乾隆朝纂成两部《盛京通志》则向中央典籍转型,将侧重点变为塑造清朝起源的共同历史记忆,从而构筑中央政治权威。它们共同构成了盛清时期多种面相的"大一统"政治文化。而作为读者的文人士大夫在阅读该书时,主要关注点却不在于政治文化的主旨,而在于书中包含的丰富知识,反映出士人对朝廷政治文化建构的微妙疏离感。

During its four times＇ compilation in tile Lllng ctynasty, i ne ortengjing provincial teer （Shengjing Tongzhi） has been illustrating a temporally varied ideology of High Qing court about the political cultural concept of ＂Grand Unification＂. As a part of the Grand Unification Gaz- etteer＇s （Da Qing Yitongzhi）, the first two editions, which were completed during the era of Em- peror Kangxi and Yongzheng respectively, emerged as a medium of Shengjing local knowledge, im- plicating the diversity of frontier. However, the following two editions compiled during the reign of Emperor Qianlong were soon transformed into a central context, with knowledge from the royal court and central government, iterating the state authority by shaping a unique common memory of origin. On the other hand, in response to the ideological constructing process, the literati readers mainly concentrated on the rich content about Shengjing local society and nature, paying scant at- tention to the political cultural concept.