《中国问题》与现代性反思——从罗素访华谈起

The Problem of China and Reflection of Modernity from Russell's Visit to China

20世纪初,英国哲学家罗素来华访问,并在归国后出版著作《中国问题》阐述自己的中国观。罗素在此书中对中国人热爱和平、洒脱冲淡、耐力十足的性格特点予以充分褒扬,并提出以中国式人生观对抗西方机械的人生观,体现出罗素反思现代性的强烈意识,使得他成为西方反思现代性链条上的重要一员,也表明中国元素参与构建了西方现代性的历程。同时,其褒扬、赞美中国式人生观和中国文明的主张亦与中国的"东方文化派"和"学衡派"有所契合,其中蕴含的文化保守主义倾向有力地矫正了文化激进主义全盘西化的主张,在搏击和张力中构成中国现代文化发展的契机,具有不可忽视的重要作用。

At the beginning of the 20 th century,British philosophy Bertrand Russell visited China.After returned to Britain,he published a book entitled The Problem of China to elaborate his general view of China.In this book,Russell fully praised Chinese people for their characteristics of peaceloving,easiness and calmness,and patience.He also put forward the Chinese style view of life to fight against western mechanical outlook on life,which shows his strong reflection on modernity,making him an important member on the chain of modernism reflection,also showing that the Chinese elements involved in the course of the construction of the western modernity.At the same time,his view of stick to Chinese traditional culture corresponded to the ideas of ＂Oriental Culture School＂and ＂XueHeng School＂in China,and their cultural conservatism effectively corrects the cultural radicalism of the overall westernization,therefore,this book also played an vital role in the development of modern Chinese culture.