静脉输液外渗相关因素分析

Analysis on Relevant Factors of Extravasation during the Intravenous Infusion

目的分析探讨影响静脉输液外渗发生率的相关因素。方法采用便利抽样法在2017年6月—2017年7月平煤神马医疗集团总医院神经科、肿瘤科、儿科、心血管及老年科收治的患者中选取需要静脉输液的871例患者作为研究对象,分析性别、年龄、民族、学历、有无宗教信仰、有无陪护等因素对输液期间是否发生外渗的影响,探寻能够引发静脉输液外渗的独立危险因素。结果静脉输液外渗的单因素分析结果显示,年龄、民族、有无陪护、有无医疗保险、输入药物类型、穿刺部位、输液工具类型、置入时间、是否重复穿刺同一静脉、血小板计数及输入液体总量均可影响输液期间的药物外渗情况,P均<0. 05,差异具有统计学意义;静脉输液外渗的Logistic回归分析结果显示,患者有无陪护、输入药物类型、穿刺部位、输液工具类型、是否重复穿刺同一静脉为发生静脉输液外渗的独立危险因素。结论患者有无陪护、输入药物类型、穿刺部位、输液工具类型、是否重复穿刺同一静脉为发生静脉输液外渗的独立危险因素,与静脉输液外渗的发生密切相关。

Objective To analyze the relevant factors affecting the incidence rate of extravasation during the intravenous infusion. Methods Using the convenience sampling method,871 patients was selected as subjects who were admitted into the Neurology Department,Oncology Department,Pediatric Department,Cardiovascular Department and Gerontology Department of Pingmei Shenma Medical Group General Hospital between June 2017 and July 2017 with a necessity of intravenous infusion. Factors were analyzed to see whether they have any impact on intravenous infusion extravasation,including gender,age,ethnicity,education background,religion,with accompanying relative or not and etc.,and to find the independent risk factors which could lead to extravasation during the intravenous infusion. Results The single factor analysis of extravasation showed the intravenous infusion extravasation could be influenced by age,ethnicity,with accompanying relative or not,with medical insurance or not,infused drug type,puncture position,type of infusion device,embedding duration,repeatedly puncturing one same vein or not,blood platelet count and total infused volume,and statistically significant differences were observed,all P〈0. 05. The results of Logistic regression analysis on the intravenous infusion extravasation found that the independent risk factors of extravasation during the intravenous infusion were with accompanying rela-tive or not,infused drug type,puncture position,type of infusion device and repeatedly puncturing one same vein or not.Conclusion The factors such as with accompanying relative or not,infused drug type,puncture position,type of infusion device and repeatedly puncturing one same vein or not are the independent risk factors of the intravenous infusion extravasation,which are closely associated with the occurrence of extravasation during the intravenous infusion.