构建知识产权大司法体制

Towards an OverarchingJudicial System for IPDisputes

知识产权司法体制包括知识产权司法组织和审判机制两个部分。我国知识产权司法体制改革在知识产权专门法院建设中进行,旨在建立专门的知识产权司法体系。这一体系构造,包括以下五个方面:(1)在全国范围内设立的知识产权专门法院既是初审,也是上诉审,是"初审+上诉审"的模式,同时还要组建国家层级的知识产权高级法院或者最高法院知识产权巡回法庭;(2)知识产权法院建设不能遍地开花式地进行,应该以中心城市为基础组建10至13家,辅之以派出法庭的模式;(3)知识产权法院实行民事、行政、刑事审判"三合一"审判组织模式;(4)破除大陆法系行政职权主义的固有思维,司法有权对知识产权的有效性与否作出实质性的裁判;(5)设立技术调查官,配合专家咨询、专家陪审及司法鉴定等制度,形成技术类案件的技术事实多元查明机制。循此思路形成的知识产权大司法体制,强化了知识产权审判的专门化和专业性,是符合创新型国家建设的制度优化方案,足以树立起我国知识产权司法之"强保护"的国际形象。

Intellectual property （IP） judicial system comprises two parts： IP judicial structure and IP trial mechanism. China＇s IP judicial system reform should be carried on along with the establishment of IP special courts aiming to a judicial system specific to IP. Such a system contains five elements. First, the nation wide IP special court is both a first trial court and an appellate court, and another state-lev-el IP High Court or IP Circuit Courts of the Supreme Court should be set up. Secondly, IP courts should not be too spread out, but should be set up in 10-13 central cities, supplemented with branch courts. Thirdly, the trial mechanism in IP courts will be ＂3-in-1＂, that is civil, administrative and criminal trials in one court. Fourthly, the manner of reasoning inherited from administrative authority principle of civil law system should be avoided, and the judicial court should have the authority of substantively jud-ging the validity or invalidity of IP. Finally, a pluralistic mechanism for technical finding in technical ca-ses should be established by setting up a system of technical investigators, co-operating with expert consulting mechanism, expert assessor system and judicial appraisal system. Thus an overarching judicial system will be formed, IP trial will be specialized and the specialness thereof will be strengthened. Such a judicial system is an optimized choice conforming to the construction of an innovative country, and is sufficient to present to the world a picture of ＂strong judicial protection＂ of IP in China.