市场界定在反垄断并购审查中的地位和作用

The Position and Functions of the Market Definitionin the Anti-monopoly Merger Review

为了判断一个企业并购是否损害市场竞争,反垄断执法机关一般都需要界定相关市场。因为市场界定可以说明市场竞争的范围,说明企业的市场份额和市场集中度,说明市场进入障碍和潜在的竞争,并由此提供一个智慧和系统的分析工具,帮助执法机构收集和评估竞争影响的各种证据。界定相关市场不仅是并购竞争分析的第一步,而且是关键性的步骤。市场界定作为并购竞争分析的基本方法,它不否认各种经济学方法的作用和功能,特别是UPP测试和并购模拟在这方面都有重要的应用价值。但是,不管这些经济学方法多么重要,它们的应用都只是并购竞争分析中的证据,而不能替代并购竞争分析中的相关市场界定。

In order to analyze whether a M＆A will be harmful to market competition, it is usually necessary for the anti--monopoly enforcement agency to define the relevant market. Market definition is helpful to identifing the relevant product and geographical markets, to knowing the competitors and their respective market share and the market concentration, and to evaluating the harriers to entry and the po-tential competition. Therefore, market definition is not only the first step, but also the key step in the M＆A competition investigation, and it provides a wise and systematical analytical tool in the process of collecting and evaluating all of evidence. As the basic reference in the M＆A analysis, market definition does not eliminate various economies methods, such as the UPP test and merger simulations. But no mat ter how important these economic approaches are, their application is only helpful in getting supplemen-tary information and evidence in the M＆A competition investigation, rather than replacing the market definition.