中国保险市场改革开放的得与失

Gains and Losses of China's Insurance Market Reform and Opening-up

中国保险业40年的改革开放,不仅使社会的风险意识不断增强,民众的保险意愿日益提升,而且取得了许多令人刮目相看的巨大成就,对于国家金融稳定、经济稳定、社会稳定具有不可替代的意义。但是,改革开放是一把双刃剑,有得也有失。在过往的40年里,由于人们的认知偏差和非理性行为,造成了保险业的"三不"行为,即不守诚信的保险销售、不畏风险的保险承保、不计成本的保险经营。中国保险业要做到"四十而不惑",需理清三个方面的关系:一是风险保障与风险管理的关系;二是保险经营与保险管理的关系;三是市场作用与政府作用的关系。

The 40 years of reform and opening-up of China＇ s insurance industry have not only strengthened the so- ciety＇ s risk awareness and increased people＇ s willingness to purchase insurance, but also made many impressive a- chievements, which are of irreplaceable significance for the country＇ s financial stability, economic stability and so- cial stability. However,reform and opening-up is a double-edged sword. In the past 40 years, people＇ s cognitive biases and irrational behaviors have led to the ＂three negative＂ behaviors of the insurance industry, namely, dishon- est insurance sales, reckless underwriting and cost-insensitive insurance operations. For China＇ s insurance industry to ＂have no more doubts at forty ＂,three relationships need to be straightened out： the relationship between protection against risks and risk management, the relationship between insurance operation and insurance management and the relationship between the role of market and government.