回授法在胃癌术后化疗的农村患者营养教育中的应用

The effects of feedback teaching of nutrition education in gastric cancer patients with postoperative chemotherapy in rural areas

目的探讨回授法对胃癌术后化疗的农村患者进行营养教育的效果。方法选取行胃癌根治术并接受完整化疗的患者作为研究对象,2016年6月—2017年3月为对照组,2017年4月—2018年1月为试验组,两组各63例患者。对照组采用集中理论授课的形式分别在化疗前期、化疗中期、化疗后期对患者进行营养相关知识教育;试验组在常规教育基础上采用回授法对化疗期患者进行营养教育。观察两组患者的营养相关指标和营养知识知晓率情况。结果两组患者主观整体评量表得分、前白蛋白水平、体重指数差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。试验组患者营养知识知晓率高于对照组(P<0.05)。试验组填写的"我的膳食计划"完成率和准确率高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论回授法可以帮助患者掌握营养知识,鼓励患者参与到自身营养管理过程中,改善自身营养状况。

Objective To improve the nutritional status of patients in rural areas by using the feedback teaching method,and to help them learn the knowledge of nutrition. Methods Sixty-three patients who were treated with radical gastrectomy and completed chemotherapy from June 2016 to March 2017 were chosen as the control group. Another 63 patients from April 2017 to January 2018 were in the interventional group. In the control group,routine nutrition education was provided to the patients pre,during and after chemotherapy. Feedback teaching was used in the interventional group. The nutritional indicators and nutritional knowledge of the two groups were both observed and assessed. Results There were statistically significant differences between the two groups in nutritional assess- ment scorcs,prealbumin levels and body mass index （P〈0.05）. The knowledge of nutritional knowledge in the in- terventional group was significantly higher than that in the control group.The completion rate and accuracy rate of ＂my meal plan＂ filled in by the interventional group was higher than that of the control group （P〈0.05）. Conclusion The feedback teaching method can help the patients to master the nutrition knowledge and participate in their own nutrition management process to improve their nutritional status.