国外图书馆政策评估模式的变迁、趋向及启示

Evolution,Tendency and Enlightenment of Foreign Library Policy Evaluation Model

20世纪以来,国外图书馆政策评估模式主要经历了四个阶段:即工具导向下的测量评估、目标导向下的描述评估、决策导向下的判断评估和价值导向下的建构评估。政策评估范式相应地发生了深刻变化,从过去的实证转为现在的建构,体现了由控制向参与转变的评估取向。本文通过剖析国外图书馆政策评估模式的发展历程发现,目前国外已发展为转化升级实证主义范式,体现发展社会建构智慧,超越决策者与评估者的单一立场,注重利益相关者诉求。这对构建我国图书馆政策评估理论具有重要参考价值。

Since the 20th century, foreign library policy evaluation model has gone through four stages：tool-oriented measurement e- valuation, goal-oriented description evaluation, decision-oriented assessment evaluation and value-oriented construction evaluation. The paradigm of library policy evaluation translates from empirical demonstration to theoretical construction, suggests the changes of assessment orientation from control to participation, learning from the development history of foreign library policy evaluation mod- els, it is found that constructing theories of library policy evaluation in China should be realized by going beyond positivism paradigm, highlighting social construction wisdom, breaking the one-dimensional position between the policy makers and evaluators, and estab- lishing stakeholder orientated system.