不同砧木对西瓜枯萎病的抗性鉴定

Evaluation of Different Rootstocks Resistance to Watermelon Fusarium Wilt

以21个砧木品种(系)为试材,采用苗期浸根接种的方法,研究了不同试材对西瓜枯萎病菌1号、2号生理小种的抗性,以期筛选到高抗西瓜枯萎病的砧木资源,为西瓜嫁接苗的生产提供参考依据。结果表明:高抗西瓜枯萎病菌1号生理小种的砧木有‘大壮'‘雪峰'‘1号葫芦'‘南宁市本地葫芦'等4个葫芦品种(系)和‘金批箭'‘雪藤木二号'‘雪砧金刚'等3个南瓜品种;高抗西瓜枯萎病菌2号生理小种的砧木有‘大壮'‘壮根'‘1号葫芦'‘隆安县本地葫芦'‘南宁市本地葫芦'等5个葫芦品种(系)和‘壮士'‘金批箭'‘雪藤木二号'‘雪砧金刚'等4个南瓜品种;测试的野生西瓜没有表现高抗或抗的资源。葫芦类和南瓜类砧木对西瓜枯萎病抗性都较强,野生西瓜类抗病性较弱。

For screening rootstocks with high resistance to watermelon Fusarium wilt,21 rootstock varieties resistance to physiological race 1 and 2 of watermelon Fusarium wilt（Fusarium oxysporum）were evaluated.The pathogens were inoculated by root soaking method in seedling stage.The disease resistance was classified according to the value of the disease index.The results showed that 4 gourd varieties including ‘Dazhuang＇‘Xuefeng＇‘Gourd 1＇‘Nanning local gourd＇and 3 pumpkin varieties including ‘Jinpijian＇‘Xuetengmu 2＇‘Xuezuanjingang＇showed high resistance to race 1 of F.oxysporum.And 5 gourd varieties including ‘Dazhuang＇‘Zhuanggen＇‘Gourd 1＇‘Longan local gourd＇‘Nanning local gourd＇and 4 pumpkin varieties including ‘Zhuangshi＇‘Jinpijian＇‘Xuetengmu 2＇‘Xuezuanjingang＇showed high resistance to race 2 of F.oxysporum.All tested wild watermelon resources did not show high resistance or resistance to race 1 and 2 of F.oxysporum.The conclusion showed that the resistance of gourd and pumpkin rootstock to watermelon Fusarium wilt was strong,and the resistance of wild watermelon was weak.